A widely used UK framework (from the Royal Institute of British Architects) that divides a project into numbered stages - from 0 (Strategic Definition) through 7 (Use) - each with defined outputs and decision points. It is not a BIM standard on its own, but BIM specifications constantly reference it: an EIR will typically say what LOD is expected "by the end of Stage 3" or "by Stage 4," anchoring model detail to a stage everyone in the industry recognizes.
Other countries use their own equivalent staged frameworks, but the RIBA Plan of Work is the one referenced often enough internationally that it is worth knowing even outside the UK.